Also known as

Elettaria cardamomum, Amomum cardamomum, Bai Dou Kou, Cardamon, Cardomomi Fructus, Ela.

Introduction

The sweetly aromatic cardamom is the fruit of a tropical plant related to ginger, and one of the world?s most expensive spices, after saffron and vanilla. Growing cardamom is extremely labor intensive. The tall plants, grown on plantations in Guatemala or India, flower for eight or nine months of the year. Each pod, or capsule, ripens slowly, but must be plucked when it is three-quarters ripe. After harvest, the pods are washed and dried. The method of drying dictates the final color. White indicates the pods have been dried for many days in the sun leaving them bleached. Green pods have been dried for one day and night in a heated room. It is the three seeds inside each pod, however, that are considered the spice. Cardamom is essential to the cuisines of the Middle East and Scandinavia. Cardamom coffee or gahwa is a symbol of Arab hospitality. Cardamom flavors ground meat in Norway and baked goods in Sweden. Cooks all over the world combine cardamom with cloves and cinnamon. Cardamom lends its distinctive flavor to chai. You can find cardamom in the market in several forms. You can purchase whole pods and remove the seeds as needed. This form of the herb retains its aroma and flavor longest. You can also buy cardamom seeds (decorticated cardamom) or cardamom powder, but they do not keep as long as the pods.

Constituents

The essential oil contains a-terpineol (45%), myrcene (27%), limonene (8%), menthone (6%), b-phellandrene (3%), 1,8-cineol (2%), sabinene (2%), and smaller amounts of heptane.

Parts Used

The seed, removed from the pod, and ground. Whole pods may be used as well.

Typical Preparations

Usually in cooking, but also in teas, tinctures, and infusions.

Summary

Cardamom has been used medicinally for centuries in India and China as a carminative, stimulant, and to treat urinary problems. The Egyptians chewed the seed as a tooth cleaner. In the Middle East it was considered an aphrodisiac, and is mentioned frequently in One Thousand and One Nights. In India it was known as the "Queen of spices" to black pepper’s title as the "King of spices". Also in India, during the 11th century, it was listed as one of the ingredients in the "Five fragrance betel chew" in the Book of Splendour. Preliminary findings from laboratory research suggest that regular use of cardamom might help prevent colon cancer, and in the Ayurvedic formula Unmadnashak Ghrita, cardamom, along with brahmi, gardenia, asafetida, and ghee, may be a mild sedative. Cardamom oil is used to flavor pharmaceuticals, and as a fragrance in soaps, detergents, perfumes and other body care products.

Precautions

None.

 These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. These products are not intended to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent any disease.
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